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+.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved 
+.TH "UMASK" P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
+.\" umask 
+.SH NAME
+umask \- set and get the file mode creation mask
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.LP
+\fB#include <sys/stat.h>
+.br
+.sp
+mode_t umask(mode_t\fP \fIcmask\fP\fB);
+.br
+\fP
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.LP
+The \fIumask\fP() function shall set the process' file mode creation
+mask to \fIcmask\fP and return the previous value of the
+mask. Only the file permission bits of \fIcmask\fP (see \fI<sys/stat.h>\fP)
+are
+used; the meaning of the other bits is implementation-defined.
+.LP
+The process' file mode creation mask is used during \fIopen\fP(),
+\fIcreat\fP(), \fImkdir\fP(), and \fImkfifo\fP() to turn off permission
+bits in the \fImode\fP argument supplied. Bit positions that
+are set in \fIcmask\fP are cleared in the mode of the created file.
+.SH RETURN VALUE
+.LP
+The file permission bits in the value returned by \fIumask\fP() shall
+be the previous value of the file mode creation mask. The
+state of any other bits in that value is unspecified, except that
+a subsequent call to \fIumask\fP() with the returned value as
+\fIcmask\fP shall leave the state of the mask the same as its state
+before the first call, including any unspecified use of those
+bits.
+.SH ERRORS
+.LP
+No errors are defined.
+.LP
+\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.LP
+None.
+.SH APPLICATION USAGE
+.LP
+None.
+.SH RATIONALE
+.LP
+Unsigned argument and return types for \fIumask\fP() were proposed.
+The return type and the argument were both changed to
+\fBmode_t\fP.
+.LP
+Historical implementations have made use of additional bits in \fIcmask\fP
+for their implementation-defined purposes. The
+addition of the text that the meaning of other bits of the field is
+implementation-defined permits these implementations to conform
+to this volume of IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001.
+.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
+.LP
+None.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.LP
+\fIcreat\fP() , \fImkdir\fP() , \fImkfifo\fP() ,
+\fIopen\fP() , the Base Definitions volume of IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001,
+\fI<sys/stat.h>\fP, \fI<sys/types.h>\fP
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
+from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
+-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
+Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
+Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
+event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
+The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
+is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
+http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .