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+.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved 
+.TH "STDIN" P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
+.\" stdin 
+.SH NAME
+stderr, stdin, stdout \- standard I/O streams
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.LP
+\fB#include <stdio.h>
+.br
+.sp
+extern FILE *stderr, *stdin, *stdout;
+.br
+\fP
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.LP
+A file with associated buffering is called a \fIstream\fP and is declared
+to be a pointer to a defined type \fBFILE\fP. The \fIfopen\fP() function
+shall create certain descriptive data for a stream and return a pointer
+to designate the stream in all further transactions. Normally, there
+are three open streams with constant pointers declared in the
+\fI<stdio.h>\fP header and associated with the standard open files.
+.LP
+At program start-up, three streams shall be predefined and need not
+be opened explicitly: \fIstandard input\fP (for reading
+conventional input), \fIstandard output\fP (for writing conventional
+output), and \fIstandard error\fP (for writing diagnostic
+output). When opened, the standard error stream is not fully buffered;
+the standard input and standard output streams are fully
+buffered if and only if the stream can be determined not to refer
+to an interactive device.
+.LP
+The
+following symbolic values in \fI<unistd.h>\fP define the file descriptors
+that shall
+be associated with the C-language \fIstdin\fP, \fIstdout\fP, and \fIstderr\fP
+when the application is started:
+.TP 7
+STDIN_FILENO
+Standard input value, \fIstdin\fP. Its value is 0.
+.TP 7
+STDOUT_FILENO
+Standard output value, \fIstdout\fP. Its value is 1.
+.TP 7
+STDERR_FILENO
+Standard error value, \fIstderr\fP. Its value is 2.
+.sp
+.LP
+The \fIstderr\fP stream is expected to be open for reading and writing.
+.SH RETURN VALUE
+.LP
+None.
+.SH ERRORS
+.LP
+No errors are defined.
+.LP
+\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.LP
+None.
+.SH APPLICATION USAGE
+.LP
+None.
+.SH RATIONALE
+.LP
+None.
+.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
+.LP
+None.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.LP
+\fIfclose\fP() , \fIfeof\fP() , \fIferror\fP() ,
+\fIfileno\fP() , \fIfopen\fP() , \fIfread\fP() , \fIfseek\fP() , \fIgetc\fP()
+, \fIgets\fP() , \fIpopen\fP() , \fIprintf\fP() , \fIputc\fP() , \fIputs\fP()
+, \fIread\fP() , \fIscanf\fP() , \fIsetbuf\fP() , \fIsetvbuf\fP()
+, \fItmpfile\fP() , \fIungetc\fP() , \fIvprintf\fP() , the Base Definitions
+volume of
+IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001, \fI<stdio.h>\fP, \fI<unistd.h>\fP
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
+from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
+-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
+Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
+Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
+event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
+The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
+is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
+http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .