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+.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved 
+.TH "MKDIR" P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
+.\" mkdir 
+.SH NAME
+mkdir \- make a directory
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.LP
+\fB#include <sys/stat.h>
+.br
+.sp
+int mkdir(const char *\fP\fIpath\fP\fB, mode_t\fP \fImode\fP\fB);
+.br
+\fP
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.LP
+The \fImkdir\fP() function shall create a new directory with name
+\fIpath\fP. The file permission bits of the new directory
+shall be initialized from \fImode\fP. These file permission bits of
+the \fImode\fP argument shall be modified by the process'
+file creation mask.
+.LP
+When bits in \fImode\fP other than the file permission bits are set,
+the meaning of these additional bits is
+implementation-defined.
+.LP
+The directory's user ID shall be set to the process' effective user
+ID. The directory's group ID shall be set to the group ID of
+the parent directory or to the effective group ID of the process.
+Implementations shall provide a way to initialize the directory's
+group ID to the group ID of the parent directory. Implementations
+may, but need not, provide an implementation-defined way to
+initialize the directory's group ID to the effective group ID of the
+calling process.
+.LP
+The newly created directory shall be an empty directory.
+.LP
+If \fIpath\fP names a symbolic link, \fImkdir\fP() shall fail and
+set \fIerrno\fP to [EEXIST].
+.LP
+Upon successful completion, \fImkdir\fP() shall mark for update the
+\fIst_atime\fP, \fIst_ctime\fP, and \fIst_mtime\fP
+fields of the directory. Also, the \fIst_ctime\fP and \fIst_mtime\fP
+fields of the directory that contains the new entry shall be
+marked for update.
+.SH RETURN VALUE
+.LP
+Upon successful completion, \fImkdir\fP() shall return 0. Otherwise,
+-1 shall be returned, no directory shall be created, and
+\fIerrno\fP shall be set to indicate the error.
+.SH ERRORS
+.LP
+The \fImkdir\fP() function shall fail if:
+.TP 7
+.B EACCES
+Search permission is denied on a component of the path prefix, or
+write permission is denied on the parent directory of the
+directory to be created.
+.TP 7
+.B EEXIST
+The named file exists.
+.TP 7
+.B ELOOP
+A loop exists in symbolic links encountered during resolution of the
+\fIpath\fP argument.
+.TP 7
+.B EMLINK
+The link count of the parent directory would exceed {LINK_MAX}.
+.TP 7
+.B ENAMETOOLONG
+The length of the \fIpath\fP argument exceeds {PATH_MAX} or a pathname
+component is longer than {NAME_MAX}.
+.TP 7
+.B ENOENT
+A component of the path prefix specified by \fIpath\fP does not name
+an existing directory or \fIpath\fP is an empty
+string.
+.TP 7
+.B ENOSPC
+The file system does not contain enough space to hold the contents
+of the new directory or to extend the parent directory of
+the new directory.
+.TP 7
+.B ENOTDIR
+A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
+.TP 7
+.B EROFS
+The parent directory resides on a read-only file system.
+.sp
+.LP
+The \fImkdir\fP() function may fail if:
+.TP 7
+.B ELOOP
+More than {SYMLOOP_MAX} symbolic links were encountered during resolution
+of the \fIpath\fP argument.
+.TP 7
+.B ENAMETOOLONG
+As a result of encountering a symbolic link in resolution of the \fIpath\fP
+argument, the length of the substituted pathname
+string exceeded {PATH_MAX}.
+.sp
+.LP
+\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.SS Creating a Directory
+.LP
+The following example shows how to create a directory named \fB/home/cnd/mod1\fP,
+with read/write/search permissions for owner
+and group, and with read/search permissions for others.
+.sp
+.RS
+.nf
+
+\fB#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+.sp
+
+int status;
+\&...
+status = mkdir("/home/cnd/mod1", S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
+\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.SH APPLICATION USAGE
+.LP
+None.
+.SH RATIONALE
+.LP
+The \fImkdir\fP() function originated in 4.2 BSD and was added to
+System V in Release 3.0.
+.LP
+4.3 BSD detects [ENAMETOOLONG].
+.LP
+The POSIX.1-1990 standard required that the group ID of a newly created
+directory be set to the group ID of its parent directory
+or to the effective group ID of the creating process. FIPS 151-2 required
+that implementations provide a way to have the group ID
+be set to the group ID of the containing directory, but did not prohibit
+implementations also supporting a way to set the group ID
+to the effective group ID of the creating process. Conforming applications
+should not assume which group ID will be used. If it
+matters, an application can use \fIchown\fP() to set the group ID
+after the directory is
+created, or determine under what conditions the implementation will
+set the desired group ID.
+.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
+.LP
+None.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.LP
+\fIumask\fP() , the Base Definitions volume of IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001,
+\fI<sys/stat.h>\fP, \fI<sys/types.h>\fP
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
+from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
+-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
+Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
+Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
+event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
+The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
+is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
+http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .