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+.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved 
+.TH "ICONV_OPEN" P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
+.\" iconv_open 
+.SH NAME
+iconv_open \- codeset conversion allocation function
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.LP
+\fB#include <iconv.h>
+.br
+.sp
+iconv_t iconv_open(const char *\fP\fItocode\fP\fB, const char *\fP\fIfromcode\fP\fB);
+\fP
+\fB
+.br
+\fP
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.LP
+The \fIiconv_open\fP() function shall return a conversion descriptor
+that describes a conversion from the codeset specified by
+the string pointed to by the \fIfromcode\fP argument to the codeset
+specified by the string pointed to by the \fItocode\fP
+argument. For state-dependent encodings, the conversion descriptor
+shall be in a codeset-dependent initial shift state, ready for
+immediate use with \fIiconv\fP().
+.LP
+Settings of \fIfromcode\fP and \fItocode\fP and their permitted combinations
+are implementation-defined.
+.LP
+A conversion descriptor shall remain valid until it is closed by \fIiconv_close\fP()
+or an implicit close.
+.LP
+If a file descriptor is used to implement conversion descriptors,
+the FD_CLOEXEC flag shall be set; see \fI<fcntl.h>\fP.
+.SH RETURN VALUE
+.LP
+Upon successful completion, \fIiconv_open\fP() shall return a conversion
+descriptor for use on subsequent calls to \fIiconv\fP(). Otherwise,
+\fIiconv_open\fP() shall return (\fBiconv_t\fP)-1 and set \fIerrno\fP
+to indicate the error.
+.SH ERRORS
+.LP
+The \fIiconv_open\fP() function may fail if:
+.TP 7
+.B EMFILE
+{OPEN_MAX} file descriptors are currently open in the calling process.
+.TP 7
+.B ENFILE
+Too many files are currently open in the system.
+.TP 7
+.B ENOMEM
+Insufficient storage space is available.
+.TP 7
+.B EINVAL
+The conversion specified by \fIfromcode\fP and \fItocode\fP is not
+supported by the implementation.
+.sp
+.LP
+\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.LP
+None.
+.SH APPLICATION USAGE
+.LP
+Some implementations of \fIiconv_open\fP() use \fImalloc\fP() to allocate
+space for
+internal buffer areas. The \fIiconv_open\fP() function may fail if
+there is insufficient storage space to accommodate these
+buffers.
+.LP
+Conforming applications must assume that conversion descriptors are
+not valid after a call to one of the \fIexec\fP functions.
+.LP
+Application developers should consult the system documentation to
+determine the supported codesets and their naming schemes.
+.SH RATIONALE
+.LP
+None.
+.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
+.LP
+None.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.LP
+\fIiconv\fP() , \fIiconv_close\fP() , the Base Definitions volume
+of
+IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001, \fI<fcntl.h>\fP, \fI<iconv.h>\fP
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
+from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
+-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
+Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
+Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
+event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
+The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
+is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
+http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .