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+.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved 
+.TH "FGETC" P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
+.\" fgetc 
+.SH NAME
+fgetc \- get a byte from a stream
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.LP
+\fB#include <stdio.h>
+.br
+.sp
+int fgetc(FILE *\fP\fIstream\fP\fB);
+.br
+\fP
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.LP
+If the end-of-file indicator for the input stream pointed to by \fIstream\fP
+is not set and a next byte is present, the
+\fIfgetc\fP() function shall obtain the next byte as an \fBunsigned
+char\fP converted to an \fBint\fP, from the input stream
+pointed to by \fIstream\fP, and advance the associated file position
+indicator for the stream (if defined). Since \fIfgetc\fP()
+operates on bytes, reading a character consisting of multiple bytes
+(or "a multi-byte character") may require multiple calls to
+\fIfgetc\fP().
+.LP
+The
+\fIfgetc\fP() function may mark the \fIst_atime\fP field of the file
+associated with \fIstream\fP for update. The
+\fIst_atime\fP field shall be marked for update by the first successful
+execution of \fIfgetc\fP(), \fIfgets\fP(), \fIfgetwc\fP(), \fIfgetws\fP(),
+\fIfread\fP(), \fIfscanf\fP(), \fIgetc\fP(), \fIgetchar\fP(), \fIgets\fP(),
+or \fIscanf\fP() using \fIstream\fP that returns data not supplied
+by a prior call to \fIungetc\fP() or \fIungetwc\fP(). 
+.SH RETURN VALUE
+.LP
+Upon successful completion, \fIfgetc\fP() shall return the next byte
+from the input stream pointed to by \fIstream\fP. If the
+end-of-file indicator for the stream is set, or if the stream is at
+end-of-file, the end-of-file indicator for the stream shall be
+set and \fIfgetc\fP() shall return EOF. If a read error occurs, the
+error indicator for the stream shall be set, \fIfgetc\fP()
+shall return EOF,   \ and shall set \fIerrno\fP to indicate the error.
+.SH ERRORS
+.LP
+The \fIfgetc\fP() function shall fail if data needs to be read and:
+.TP 7
+.B EAGAIN
+The O_NONBLOCK flag is set for the file descriptor underlying \fIstream\fP
+and the process would be delayed in the \fIfgetc\fP()
+operation. 
+.TP 7
+.B EBADF
+The file descriptor underlying \fIstream\fP is not a valid file descriptor
+open for reading. 
+.TP 7
+.B EINTR
+The read operation was terminated due to the receipt of a signal,
+and no data was transferred. 
+.TP 7
+.B EIO
+A
+physical I/O error has occurred, or the process is in a background
+process group attempting to read from its controlling terminal,
+and either the process is ignoring or blocking the SIGTTIN signal
+or the process group is orphaned. This error may also be
+generated for implementation-defined reasons. 
+.TP 7
+.B EOVERFLOW
+The file is a regular file and an attempt was made to read at or beyond
+the offset maximum associated with the corresponding
+stream. 
+.sp
+.LP
+The \fIfgetc\fP() function may fail if:
+.TP 7
+.B ENOMEM
+Insufficient storage space is available. 
+.TP 7
+.B ENXIO
+A
+request was made of a nonexistent device, or the request was outside
+the capabilities of the device. 
+.sp
+.LP
+\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.LP
+None.
+.SH APPLICATION USAGE
+.LP
+If the integer value returned by \fIfgetc\fP() is stored into a variable
+of type \fBchar\fP and then compared against the
+integer constant EOF, the comparison may never succeed, because sign-extension
+of a variable of type \fBchar\fP on widening to
+integer is implementation-defined.
+.LP
+The \fIferror\fP() or \fIfeof\fP() functions must
+be used to distinguish between an error condition and an end-of-file
+condition.
+.SH RATIONALE
+.LP
+None.
+.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
+.LP
+None.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.LP
+\fIfeof\fP() , \fIferror\fP() , \fIfopen\fP() , \fIgetchar\fP() ,
+\fIgetc\fP() , the Base Definitions volume of
+IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001, \fI<stdio.h>\fP
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
+from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
+-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
+Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
+Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
+event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
+The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
+is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
+http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .