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diff --git a/man-pages-posix-2017/man1p/dirname.1p b/man-pages-posix-2017/man1p/dirname.1p new file mode 100644 index 0000000..707d92f --- /dev/null +++ b/man-pages-posix-2017/man1p/dirname.1p @@ -0,0 +1,255 @@ +'\" et +.TH DIRNAME "1P" 2017 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual" +.\" +.SH PROLOG +This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. +The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult +the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), +or the interface may not be implemented on Linux. +.\" +.SH NAME +dirname +\(em return the directory portion of a pathname +.SH SYNOPSIS +.LP +.nf +dirname \fIstring\fR +.fi +.SH DESCRIPTION +The +.IR string +operand shall be treated as a pathname, as defined in the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017, +.IR "Section 3.271" ", " "Pathname". +The string +.IR string +shall be converted to the name of the directory containing the +filename corresponding to the last pathname component in +.IR string , +performing actions equivalent to the following steps in order: +.IP " 1." 4 +If +.IR string +is +.BR // , +skip steps 2 to 5. +.IP " 2." 4 +If +.IR string +consists entirely of +<slash> +characters, +.IR string +shall be set to a single +<slash> +character. In this case, skip steps 3 to 8. +.IP " 3." 4 +If there are any trailing +<slash> +characters in +.IR string , +they shall be removed. +.IP " 4." 4 +If there are no +<slash> +characters remaining in +.IR string , +.IR string +shall be set to a single +<period> +character. In this case, skip steps 5 to 8. +.IP " 5." 4 +If there are any trailing non-\c +<slash> +characters in +.IR string , +they shall be removed. +.IP " 6." 4 +If the remaining +.IR string +is +.BR // , +it is implementation-defined whether steps 7 and 8 are skipped or +processed. +.IP " 7." 4 +If there are any trailing +<slash> +characters in +.IR string , +they shall be removed. +.IP " 8." 4 +If the remaining +.IR string +is empty, +.IR string +shall be set to a single +<slash> +character. +.P +The resulting string shall be written to standard output. +.SH OPTIONS +None. +.SH OPERANDS +The following operand shall be supported: +.IP "\fIstring\fR" 10 +A string. +.SH STDIN +Not used. +.SH "INPUT FILES" +None. +.SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES" +The following environment variables shall affect the execution of +.IR dirname : +.IP "\fILANG\fP" 10 +Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that are +unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017, +.IR "Section 8.2" ", " "Internationalization Variables" +for the precedence of internationalization variables used to determine +the values of locale categories.) +.IP "\fILC_ALL\fP" 10 +If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the +other internationalization variables. +.IP "\fILC_CTYPE\fP" 10 +Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of +text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to +multi-byte characters in arguments). +.IP "\fILC_MESSAGES\fP" 10 +.br +Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and +contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error. +.IP "\fINLSPATH\fP" 10 +Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of +.IR LC_MESSAGES . +.SH "ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS" +Default. +.SH STDOUT +The +.IR dirname +utility shall write a line to the standard output in the following +format: +.sp +.RS 4 +.nf + +"%s\en", <\fIresulting string\fR> +.fi +.P +.RE +.SH STDERR +The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages. +.SH "OUTPUT FILES" +None. +.SH "EXTENDED DESCRIPTION" +None. +.SH "EXIT STATUS" +The following exit values shall be returned: +.IP "\00" 6 +Successful completion. +.IP >0 6 +An error occurred. +.SH "CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS" +Default. +.LP +.IR "The following sections are informative." +.SH "APPLICATION USAGE" +The definition of +.IR pathname +specifies implementation-defined behavior for pathnames starting with +two +<slash> +characters. Therefore, applications shall not arbitrarily add +<slash> +characters to the beginning of a pathname unless they can ensure +that there are more or less than two or are prepared to deal with the +implementation-defined consequences. +.SH EXAMPLES +The EXAMPLES section of the +\fIbasename\fR() +function (see the System Interfaces volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017, +.IR "\fIbasename\fR\^(\|)") +includes a table showing examples of the results of processing several +sample pathnames by the +\fIbasename\fR() +and +\fIdirname\fR() +functions and by the +.IR basename +and +.IR dirname +utilities. +.P +See also the examples for the +.IR basename +utility. +.SH RATIONALE +The behaviors of +.IR basename +and +.IR dirname +in this volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017 have been coordinated so that when +.IR string +is a valid pathname: +.sp +.RS 4 +.nf + +$(basename -- "\fIstring\fP") +.fi +.P +.RE +.P +would be a valid filename for the file in the directory: +.sp +.RS 4 +.nf + +$(dirname -- "\fIstring\fP") +.fi +.P +.RE +.P +This would not work for the versions of these utilities in early proposals +due to the way processing of trailing +<slash> +characters was specified. Consideration was given to leaving processing +unspecified if there were trailing +<slash> +characters, but this cannot be done; the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017, +.IR "Section 3.271" ", " "Pathname" +allows trailing +<slash> +characters. The +.IR basename +and +.IR dirname +utilities have to specify consistent handling for all valid pathnames. +.SH "FUTURE DIRECTIONS" +None. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IR "Section 2.5" ", " "Parameters and Variables", +.IR "\fIbasename\fR\^" +.P +The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017, +.IR "Section 3.271" ", " "Pathname", +.IR "Chapter 8" ", " "Environment Variables" +.P +The System Interfaces volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017, +.IR "\fIbasename\fR\^(\|)", +.IR "\fIdirname\fR\^(\|)" +.\" +.SH COPYRIGHT +Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form +from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information Technology +-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base +Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, +Copyright (C) 2018 by the Institute of +Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. +In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and +The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard +is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at +http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html . +.PP +Any typographical or formatting errors that appear +in this page are most likely +to have been introduced during the conversion of the source files to +man page format. To report such errors, see +https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html . |