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+'\" et
+.TH CSPLIT "1P" 2017 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
+.\"
+.SH PROLOG
+This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
+The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult
+the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
+or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
+.\"
+.SH NAME
+csplit
+\(em split files based on context
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.LP
+.nf
+csplit \fB[\fR-ks\fB] [\fR-f \fIprefix\fB] [\fR-n \fInumber\fB] \fIfile arg\fR...
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.IR csplit
+utility shall read the file named by the
+.IR file
+operand, write all or part of that file into other files as directed
+by the
+.IR arg
+operands, and write the sizes of the files.
+.SH OPTIONS
+The
+.IR csplit
+utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017,
+.IR "Section 12.2" ", " "Utility Syntax Guidelines".
+.P
+The following options shall be supported:
+.IP "\fB\-f\ \fIprefix\fR" 10
+Name the created files
+.IR prefix \c
+.BR 00 ,
+.IR prefix \c
+.BR 01 ,
+\&.\|.\|.,
+.IR prefixn .
+The default is
+.BR xx00
+\&.\|.\|.
+.BR xx \c
+.IR n .
+If the
+.IR prefix
+argument would create a filename exceeding
+{NAME_MAX}
+bytes, an error shall result,
+.IR csplit
+shall exit with a diagnostic message, and no files shall be created.
+.IP "\fB\-k\fP" 10
+Leave previously created files intact. By default,
+.IR csplit
+shall remove created files if an error occurs.
+.IP "\fB\-n\ \fInumber\fR" 10
+Use
+.IR number
+decimal digits to form filenames for the file pieces. The default
+shall be 2.
+.IP "\fB\-s\fP" 10
+Suppress the output of file size messages.
+.SH OPERANDS
+The following operands shall be supported:
+.IP "\fIfile\fR" 10
+The pathname of a text file to be split. If
+.IR file
+is
+.BR '\-' ,
+the standard input shall be used.
+.P
+Each
+.IR arg
+operand can be one of the following:
+.IP "/\fIrexp\fR/\fB[\fIoffset\fB]\fR" 10
+.br
+A file shall be created using the content of the lines from the current
+line up to, but not including, the line that results from the
+evaluation of the regular expression with
+.IR offset ,
+if any, applied. The regular expression
+.IR rexp
+shall follow the rules for basic regular expressions described in the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017,
+.IR "Section 9.3" ", " "Basic Regular Expressions".
+The application shall use the sequence
+.BR \(dq\e/\(dq 
+to specify a
+<slash>
+character within the
+.IR rexp .
+The optional offset shall be a positive or negative integer value
+representing a number of lines. A positive integer value can be
+preceded by
+.BR '\(pl' .
+If the selection of lines from an
+.IR offset
+expression of this type would create a file with zero lines, or one
+with greater than the number of lines left in the input file, the
+results are unspecified. After the section is created, the current line
+shall be set to the line that results from the evaluation of the
+regular expression with any offset applied. If the current line is the
+first line in the file and a regular expression operation has not yet
+been performed, the pattern match of
+.IR rexp
+shall be applied from the current line to the end of the file.
+Otherwise, the pattern match of
+.IR rexp
+shall be applied from the line following the current line to the end of
+the file.
+.IP "%\fIrexp\fR%\fB[\fIoffset\fB]\fR" 10
+.br
+Equivalent to /\fIrexp\fR/\fB[\fIoffset\fB]\fR, except that no
+file shall be created for the selected section of the input file. The
+application shall use the sequence
+.BR \(dq\e%\(dq 
+to specify a
+<percent-sign>
+character within the
+.IR rexp .
+.IP "\fIline_no\fR" 10
+Create a file from the current line up to (but not including) the line
+number
+.IR line_no .
+Lines in the file shall be numbered starting at one. The current line
+becomes
+.IR line_no .
+.IP "{\fInum\fR}" 10
+Repeat operand. This operand can follow any of the operands described
+previously. If it follows a
+.IR rexp
+type operand, that operand shall be applied
+.IR num
+more times. If it follows a
+.IR line_no
+operand, the file shall be split every
+.IR line_no
+lines,
+.IR num
+times, from that point.
+.P
+An error shall be reported if an operand does not reference a line
+between the current position and the end of the file.
+.SH STDIN
+See the INPUT FILES section.
+.SH "INPUT FILES"
+The input file shall be a text file.
+.SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
+The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
+.IR csplit :
+.IP "\fILANG\fP" 10
+Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that are
+unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017,
+.IR "Section 8.2" ", " "Internationalization Variables"
+for the precedence of internationalization variables used to determine
+the values of locale categories.)
+.IP "\fILC_ALL\fP" 10
+If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the
+other internationalization variables.
+.IP "\fILC_COLLATE\fP" 10
+.br
+Determine the locale for the behavior of ranges, equivalence classes,
+and multi-character collating elements within regular expressions.
+.IP "\fILC_CTYPE\fP" 10
+Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of
+text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to
+multi-byte characters in arguments and input files) and the behavior of
+character classes within regular expressions.
+.IP "\fILC_MESSAGES\fP" 10
+.br
+Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and
+contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error.
+.IP "\fINLSPATH\fP" 10
+Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of
+.IR LC_MESSAGES .
+.SH "ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS"
+If the
+.BR \-k
+option is specified, created files shall be retained. Otherwise, the
+default action occurs.
+.SH STDOUT
+Unless the
+.BR \-s
+option is used, the standard output shall consist of one line per
+file created, with a format as follows:
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+
+"%d\en", <\fIfile size in bytes\fR>
+.fi
+.P
+.RE
+.SH STDERR
+The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.
+.SH "OUTPUT FILES"
+The output files shall contain portions of the original input file;
+otherwise, unchanged.
+.SH "EXTENDED DESCRIPTION"
+None.
+.SH "EXIT STATUS"
+The following exit values shall be returned:
+.IP "\00" 6
+Successful completion.
+.IP >0 6
+An error occurred.
+.SH "CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS"
+By default, created files shall be removed if an error occurs. When the
+.BR \-k
+option is specified, created files shall not be removed if an error
+occurs.
+.LP
+.IR "The following sections are informative."
+.SH "APPLICATION USAGE"
+None.
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.IP " 1." 4
+This example creates four files,
+.BR cobol00
+\&.\|.\|.
+.BR cobol03 :
+.RS 4 
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+
+csplit -f cobol file \(aq/procedure division/\(aq /par5./ /par16./
+.fi
+.P
+.RE
+.P
+After editing the split files, they can be recombined as follows:
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+
+cat cobol0[0-3] > file
+.fi
+.P
+.RE
+.P
+Note that this example overwrites the original file.
+.RE
+.IP " 2." 4
+This example would split the file after the first 99 lines, and every
+100 lines thereafter, up to 9\|999 lines; this is because lines in the
+file are numbered from 1 rather than zero, for historical reasons:
+.RS 4 
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+
+csplit -k file  100  {99}
+.fi
+.P
+.RE
+.RE
+.IP " 3." 4
+Assuming that
+.BR prog.c
+follows the C-language coding convention of ending routines with a
+.BR '}' 
+at the beginning of the line, this example creates a file containing
+each separate C routine (up to 21) in
+.BR prog.c :
+.RS 4 
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+
+csplit -k prog.c \(aq%main(%\(aq  \(aq/\(ha}/+1\(aq {20}
+.fi
+.P
+.RE
+.RE
+.SH RATIONALE
+The
+.BR \-n
+option was added to extend the range of filenames that could be
+handled.
+.P
+Consideration was given to adding a
+.BR \-a
+flag to use the alphabetic filename generation used by the historical
+.IR split
+utility, but the functionality added by the
+.BR \-n
+option was deemed to make alphabetic naming unnecessary.
+.SH "FUTURE DIRECTIONS"
+None.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.IR "\fIsed\fR\^",
+.IR "\fIsplit\fR\^"
+.P
+The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017,
+.IR "Chapter 8" ", " "Environment Variables",
+.IR "Section 9.3" ", " "Basic Regular Expressions",
+.IR "Section 12.2" ", " "Utility Syntax Guidelines"
+.\"
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
+from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information Technology
+-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
+Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition,
+Copyright (C) 2018 by the Institute of
+Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group.
+In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
+The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
+is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
+http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
+.PP
+Any typographical or formatting errors that appear
+in this page are most likely
+to have been introduced during the conversion of the source files to
+man page format. To report such errors, see
+https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .