diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'man-pages-posix-2013/man1p/comm.1p')
| -rw-r--r-- | man-pages-posix-2013/man1p/comm.1p | 287 |
1 files changed, 287 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/man-pages-posix-2013/man1p/comm.1p b/man-pages-posix-2013/man1p/comm.1p new file mode 100644 index 0000000..86f4ed8 --- /dev/null +++ b/man-pages-posix-2013/man1p/comm.1p @@ -0,0 +1,287 @@ +'\" et +.TH COMM "1P" 2013 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual" +.SH PROLOG +This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. +The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult +the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), +or the interface may not be implemented on Linux. + +.SH NAME +comm +\(em select or reject lines common to two files +.SH SYNOPSIS +.LP +.nf +comm \fB[\fR\(mi123\fB] \fIfile1 file2\fR +.fi +.SH DESCRIPTION +The +.IR comm +utility shall read +.IR file1 +and +.IR file2 , +which should be ordered in the current collating sequence, and produce +three text columns as output: lines only in +.IR file1 , +lines only in +.IR file2 , +and lines in both files. +.P +If the lines in both files are not ordered according to the collating +sequence of the current locale, the results are unspecified. +.SH OPTIONS +The +.IR comm +utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2008, +.IR "Section 12.2" ", " "Utility Syntax Guidelines". +.P +The following options shall be supported: +.IP "\fB\(mi1\fP" 10 +Suppress the output column of lines unique to +.IR file1 . +.IP "\fB\(mi2\fP" 10 +Suppress the output column of lines unique to +.IR file2 . +.IP "\fB\(mi3\fP" 10 +Suppress the output column of lines duplicated in +.IR file1 +and +.IR file2 . +.SH OPERANDS +The following operands shall be supported: +.IP "\fIfile1\fR" 10 +A pathname of the first file to be compared. If +.IR file1 +is +.BR '\(mi' , +the standard input shall be used. +.IP "\fIfile2\fR" 10 +A pathname of the second file to be compared. If +.IR file2 +is +.BR '\(mi' , +the standard input shall be used. +.P +If both +.IR file1 +and +.IR file2 +refer to standard input or to the same FIFO special, block special, or +character special file, the results are undefined. +.SH STDIN +The standard input shall be used only if one of the +.IR file1 +or +.IR file2 +operands refers to standard input. See the INPUT FILES section. +.SH "INPUT FILES" +The input files shall be text files. +.SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES" +The following environment variables shall affect the execution of +.IR comm : +.IP "\fILANG\fP" 10 +Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that are +unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2008, +.IR "Section 8.2" ", " "Internationalization Variables" +for the precedence of internationalization variables used to determine +the values of locale categories.) +.IP "\fILC_ALL\fP" 10 +If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the +other internationalization variables. +.IP "\fILC_COLLATE\fP" 10 +.br +Determine the locale for the collating sequence +.IR comm +expects to have been used when the input files were sorted. +.IP "\fILC_CTYPE\fP" 10 +Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of +text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to +multi-byte characters in arguments and input files). +.IP "\fILC_MESSAGES\fP" 10 +.br +Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and +contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error. +.IP "\fINLSPATH\fP" 10 +Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of +.IR LC_MESSAGES . +.SH "ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS" +Default. +.SH STDOUT +The +.IR comm +utility shall produce output depending on the options selected. If the +.BR \(mi1 , +.BR \(mi2 , +and +.BR \(mi3 +options are all selected, +.IR comm +shall write nothing to standard output. +.P +If the +.BR \(mi1 +option is not selected, lines contained only in +.IR file1 +shall be written using the format: +.sp +.RS 4 +.nf +\fB +"%s\en", <\fIline in file1\fR> +.fi \fR +.P +.RE +.P +If the +.BR \(mi2 +option is not selected, lines contained only in +.IR file2 +are written using the format: +.sp +.RS 4 +.nf +\fB +"%s%s\en", <\fIlead\fR>, <\fIline in file2\fR> +.fi \fR +.P +.RE +.P +where the string <\fIlead\fP> is as follows: +.IP <tab> 10 +The +.BR \(mi1 +option is not selected. +.IP "null\ string" 10 +The +.BR \(mi1 +option is selected. +.P +If the +.BR \(mi3 +option is not selected, lines contained in both files shall be written +using the format: +.sp +.RS 4 +.nf +\fB +"%s%s\en", <\fIlead\fR>, <\fIline in both\fR> +.fi \fR +.P +.RE +.P +where the string <\fIlead\fP> is as follows: +.IP <tab><tab> 10 +Neither the +.BR \(mi1 +nor the +.BR \(mi2 +option is selected. +.IP <tab> 10 +Exactly one of the +.BR \(mi1 +and +.BR \(mi2 +options is selected. +.IP "null\ string" 10 +Both the +.BR \(mi1 +and +.BR \(mi2 +options are selected. +.P +If the input files were ordered according to the collating sequence of +the current locale, the lines written shall be in the collating +sequence of the original lines. +.SH STDERR +The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages. +.SH "OUTPUT FILES" +None. +.SH "EXTENDED DESCRIPTION" +None. +.SH "EXIT STATUS" +The following exit values shall be returned: +.IP "\00" 6 +All input files were successfully output as specified. +.IP >0 6 +An error occurred. +.SH "CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS" +Default. +.LP +.IR "The following sections are informative." +.SH "APPLICATION USAGE" +If the input files are not properly presorted, the output of +.IR comm +might not be useful. +.SH EXAMPLES +If a file named +.BR xcu +contains a sorted list of the utilities in this volume of POSIX.1\(hy2008, a file named +.BR xpg3 +contains a sorted list of the utilities specified in the X/Open +Portability Guide, Issue 3, and a file named +.BR svid89 +contains a sorted list of the utilities in the System V Interface +Definition Third Edition: +.sp +.RS 4 +.nf +\fB +comm \(mi23 xcu xpg3 | comm \(mi23 \(mi svid89 +.fi \fR +.P +.RE +.P +would print a list of utilities in this volume of POSIX.1\(hy2008 not specified by either of the +other documents: +.sp +.RS 4 +.nf +\fB +comm \(mi12 xcu xpg3 | comm \(mi12 \(mi svid89 +.fi \fR +.P +.RE +.P +would print a list of utilities specified by all three documents, and: +.sp +.RS 4 +.nf +\fB +comm \(mi12 xpg3 svid89 | comm \(mi23 \(mi xcu +.fi \fR +.P +.RE +.P +would print a list of utilities specified by both XPG3 and the SVID, +but not specified in this volume of POSIX.1\(hy2008. +.SH RATIONALE +None. +.SH "FUTURE DIRECTIONS" +None. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IR "\fIcmp\fR\^", +.IR "\fIdiff\fR\^", +.IR "\fIsort\fR\^", +.IR "\fIuniq\fR\^" +.P +The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2008, +.IR "Chapter 8" ", " "Environment Variables", +.IR "Section 12.2" ", " "Utility Syntax Guidelines" +.SH COPYRIGHT +Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form +from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information Technology +-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base +Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the Institute of +Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. +(This is POSIX.1-2008 with the 2013 Technical Corrigendum 1 applied.) In the +event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and +The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard +is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at +http://www.unix.org/online.html . + +Any typographical or formatting errors that appear +in this page are most likely +to have been introduced during the conversion of the source files to +man page format. To report such errors, see +https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html . |