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+'\" et
+.TH BATCH "1P" 2013 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
+.SH PROLOG
+This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
+The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult
+the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
+or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
+
+.SH NAME
+batch
+\(em schedule commands to be executed in a batch queue
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.LP
+.nf
+\fIbatch\fR
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.IR batch
+utility shall read commands from standard input and schedule them
+for execution in a batch queue. It shall be the equivalent of
+the command:
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+\fB
+at \(miq b \(mim now
+.fi \fR
+.P
+.RE
+.P
+where queue
+.IR b
+is a special
+.IR at
+queue, specifically for batch jobs. Batch jobs shall be submitted to the
+batch queue with no time constraints and shall be run by the system using
+algorithms, based on unspecified factors, that may vary with each
+invocation of
+.IR batch .
+.P
+Users shall be permitted to use
+.IR batch
+if their name appears in the file
+.BR at.allow
+which is located in an implementation-defined directory.
+If that file does not exist, the file
+.BR at.deny ,
+which is located in an implementation-defined directory,
+shall be checked to determine whether the user shall be denied access to
+.IR batch .
+If neither file exists, only a process with appropriate privileges
+shall be allowed to submit a job. If only
+.BR at.deny
+exists and is empty, global usage shall be permitted. The
+.BR at.allow
+and
+.BR at.deny
+files shall consist of one user name per line.
+.SH OPTIONS
+None.
+.SH OPERANDS
+None.
+.SH STDIN
+The standard input shall be a text file consisting of commands
+acceptable to the shell command language described in
+.IR "Chapter 2" ", " "Shell Command Language".
+.SH "INPUT FILES"
+The text files
+.BR at.allow
+and
+.BR at.deny ,
+which are located in an implementation-defined directory,
+shall contain zero or more user names, one per line, of users who are,
+respectively, authorized or denied access to the
+.IR at
+and
+.IR batch
+utilities.
+.SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
+The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
+.IR batch :
+.IP "\fILANG\fP" 10
+Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that are
+unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2008,
+.IR "Section 8.2" ", " "Internationalization Variables"
+for the precedence of internationalization variables used to determine
+the values of locale categories.)
+.IP "\fILC_ALL\fP" 10
+If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the
+other internationalization variables.
+.IP "\fILC_CTYPE\fP" 10
+Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of
+text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to
+multi-byte characters in arguments and input files).
+.IP "\fILC_MESSAGES\fP" 10
+.br
+Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and
+contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error and
+informative messages written to standard output.
+.IP "\fILC_TIME\fP" 10
+Determine the format and contents for date and time strings written by
+.IR batch .
+.IP "\fINLSPATH\fP" 10
+Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of
+.IR LC_MESSAGES .
+.IP "\fISHELL\fP" 10
+Determine the name of a command interpreter to be used to invoke the
+at-job. If the variable is unset or null,
+.IR sh
+shall be used. If it is set to a value other than a name for
+.IR sh ,
+the implementation shall do one of the following: use that shell; use
+.IR sh ;
+use the login shell from the user database; any of the preceding
+accompanied by a warning diagnostic about which was chosen.
+.IP "\fITZ\fP" 10
+Determine the timezone. The job shall be submitted for execution at the
+time specified by
+.IR timespec
+or
+.BR \(mit
+.IR time
+relative to the timezone specified by the
+.IR TZ
+variable. If
+.IR timespec
+specifies a timezone, it overrides
+.IR TZ .
+If
+.IR timespec
+does not specify a timezone and
+.IR TZ
+is unset or null, an unspecified default timezone shall be used.
+.SH "ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS"
+Default.
+.SH STDOUT
+When standard input is a terminal, prompts of unspecified format for
+each line of the user input described in the STDIN section may be
+written to standard output.
+.SH STDERR
+The following shall be written to standard error when a job has been
+successfully submitted:
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+\fB
+"job %s at %s\en", \fIat_job_id\fR, <\fIdate\fR>
+.fi \fR
+.P
+.RE
+.P
+where
+.IR date
+shall be equivalent in format to the output of:
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+\fB
+date +"%a %b %e %T %Y"
+.fi \fR
+.P
+.RE
+.P
+The date and time written shall be adjusted so that they appear in the
+timezone of the user (as determined by the
+.IR TZ
+variable).
+.P
+Neither this, nor warning messages concerning the selection of the
+command interpreter, are considered a diagnostic that changes the exit
+status.
+.P
+Diagnostic messages, if any, shall be written to standard error.
+.SH "OUTPUT FILES"
+None.
+.SH "EXTENDED DESCRIPTION"
+None.
+.SH "EXIT STATUS"
+The following exit values shall be returned:
+.IP "\00" 6
+Successful completion.
+.IP >0 6
+An error occurred.
+.SH "CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS"
+The job shall not be scheduled.
+.LP
+.IR "The following sections are informative."
+.SH "APPLICATION USAGE"
+It may be useful to redirect standard output within the specified
+commands.
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.IP " 1." 4
+This sequence can be used at a terminal:
+.RS 4 
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+\fB
+batch
+sort < file >outfile
+EOT
+.fi \fR
+.P
+.RE
+.RE
+.IP " 2." 4
+This sequence, which demonstrates redirecting standard error to a pipe,
+is useful in a command procedure (the sequence of output redirection
+specifications is significant):
+.RS 4 
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.nf
+\fB
+batch <<!
+diff file1 file2 2>&1 >outfile | mailx mygroup
+!
+.fi \fR
+.P
+.RE
+.RE
+.SH RATIONALE
+Early proposals described
+.IR batch
+in a manner totally separated from
+.IR at ,
+even though the historical model treated it almost as a synonym for
+.IR at
+.BR \(miqb .
+A number of features were added to list and control batch work
+separately from those in
+.IR at .
+Upon further reflection, it was decided that the benefit of this did
+not merit the change to the historical interface.
+.P
+The
+.BR \(mim
+option was included on the equivalent
+.IR at
+command because it is historical practice to mail results to the
+submitter, even if all job-produced output is redirected. As explained
+in the RATIONALE for
+.IR at ,
+the
+.BR now
+keyword submits the job for immediate execution (after scheduling
+delays), despite some historical systems where
+.IR at
+.BR now
+would have been considered an error.
+.SH "FUTURE DIRECTIONS"
+None.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.IR "\fIat\fR\^"
+.P
+The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2008,
+.IR "Chapter 8" ", " "Environment Variables"
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
+from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
+-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
+Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the Institute of
+Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group.
+(This is POSIX.1-2008 with the 2013 Technical Corrigendum 1 applied.) In the
+event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
+The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
+is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
+http://www.unix.org/online.html .
+
+Any typographical or formatting errors that appear
+in this page are most likely
+to have been introduced during the conversion of the source files to
+man page format. To report such errors, see
+https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .