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diff --git a/man4/console_codes.4 b/man4/console_codes.4 deleted file mode 100644 index 5d4af9cf9..000000000 --- a/man4/console_codes.4 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,811 +0,0 @@ -'\" t -.\" Copyright (c) 1996 Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>, Mon Oct 31 22:13:04 1996 -.\" -.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later -.\" -.\" This is combined from many sources. -.\" For Linux, the definitive source is of course console.c. -.\" About vt100-like escape sequences in general there are -.\" the ISO/IEC 6429 and ISO/IEC 2022 norms, the descriptions of -.\" an actual vt100, and the xterm docs (ctlseqs.ms). -.\" Substantial portions of this text are derived from a write-up -.\" by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>. -.\" -.\" Tiny correction, aeb, 961107. -.\" -.\" 2006-05-27, Several corrections - Thomas E. Dickey -.\" -.TH console_codes 4 (date) "Linux man-pages (unreleased)" -.SH NAME -console_codes \- Linux console escape and control sequences -.SH DESCRIPTION -The Linux console implements a large subset of -the VT102 and ECMA-48 / ISO/IEC\~6429 / ANSI X3.64 terminal controls, -plus certain private-mode sequences -for changing the color palette, character-set mapping, and so on. -In the tabular descriptions below, the second column gives ECMA-48 or DEC -mnemonics (the latter if prefixed with DEC) for the given function. -Sequences without a mnemonic are neither ECMA-48 nor VT102. -.P -After all the normal output processing has been done, and a -stream of characters arrives at the console driver for actual -printing, the first thing that happens is a translation from -the code used for processing to the code used for printing. -.P -If the console is in UTF-8 mode, then the incoming bytes are -first assembled into 16-bit Unicode codes. -Otherwise, each byte is transformed according to the current mapping table -(which translates it to a Unicode value). -See the \fBCharacter Sets\fP section below for discussion. -.P -In the normal case, the Unicode value is converted to a font index, -and this is stored in video memory, so that the corresponding glyph -(as found in video ROM) appears on the screen. -Note that the use of Unicode (and the design of the PC hardware) -allows us to use 512 different glyphs simultaneously. -.P -If the current Unicode value is a control character, or we are -currently processing an escape sequence, the value will treated -specially. -Instead of being turned into a font index and rendered as -a glyph, it may trigger cursor movement or other control functions. -See the \fBLinux Console Controls\fP section below for discussion. -.P -It is generally not good practice to hard-wire terminal controls into -programs. -Linux supports a -.BR terminfo (5) -database of terminal capabilities. -Rather than emitting console escape sequences by hand, you will almost -always want to use a terminfo-aware screen library or utility such as -.BR ncurses (3), -.BR tput (1), -or -.BR reset (1). -.SS Linux console controls -This section describes all the control characters and escape sequences -that invoke special functions (i.e., anything other than writing a -glyph at the current cursor location) on the Linux console. -.P -.B "Control characters" -.P -A character is a control character if (before transformation -according to the mapping table) it has one of the 14 codes -00 (NUL), 07 (BEL), 08 (BS), 09 (HT), 0a (LF), 0b (VT), -0c (FF), 0d (CR), 0e (SO), 0f (SI), 18 (CAN), 1a (SUB), -1b (ESC), 7f (DEL). -One can set a "display control characters" mode (see below), -and allow 07, 09, 0b, 18, 1a, 7f to be displayed as glyphs. -On the other hand, in UTF-8 mode all codes 00\[en]1f are regarded -as control characters, regardless of any "display control characters" -mode. -.P -If we have a control character, it is acted upon immediately -and then discarded (even in the middle of an escape sequence) -and the escape sequence continues with the next character. -(However, ESC starts a new escape sequence, possibly aborting a previous -unfinished one, and CAN and SUB abort any escape sequence.) -The recognized control characters are BEL, BS, HT, LF, VT, FF, -CR, SO, SI, CAN, SUB, ESC, DEL, CSI. -They do what one would expect: -.TP -BEL (0x07, \fB\[ha]G\fP) -beeps; -.TP -BS (0x08, \fB\[ha]H\fP) -backspaces one column -(but not past the beginning of the line); -.TP -HT (0x09, \fB\[ha]I\fP) -goes to the next tab stop or to the end of the line -if there is no earlier tab stop; -.TP -LF (0x0A, \fB\[ha]J\fP) -.TQ -VT (0x0B, \fB\[ha]K\fP) -.TQ -FF (0x0C, \fB\[ha]L\fP) -all give a linefeed, -and if LF/NL (new-line mode) is set also a carriage return; -.TP -CR (0x0D, \fB\[ha]M\fP) -gives a carriage return; -.TP -SO (0x0E, \fB\[ha]N\fP) -activates the G1 character set; -.TP -SI (0x0F, \fB\[ha]O\fP) -activates the G0 character set; -.TP -CAN (0x18, \fB\[ha]X\fP) -.TQ -SUB (0x1A, \fB\[ha]Z\fP) -abort escape sequences; -.TP -ESC (0x1B, \fB\[ha][\fP) -starts an escape sequence; -.TP -DEL (0x7F) -is ignored; -.TP -CSI (0x9B) -is equivalent to ESC [. -.P -.B "ESC- but not CSI-sequences" -.ad l -.TS -l l lx. -ESC c RIS Reset. -ESC D IND Linefeed. -ESC E NEL Newline. -ESC H HTS Set tab stop at current column. -ESC M RI Reverse linefeed. -ESC Z DECID T{ -DEC private identification. The kernel -returns the string ESC [ ? 6 c, claiming -that it is a VT102. -T} -ESC 7 DECSC T{ -Save current state (cursor coordinates, -attributes, character sets pointed at by G0, G1). -T} -ESC 8 DECRC T{ -Restore state most recently saved by ESC 7. -T} -ESC % Start sequence selecting character set -ESC % @ \0\0\0Select default (ISO/IEC\~646 / ISO/IEC\~8859-1) -ESC % G \0\0\0Select UTF-8 -ESC % 8 \0\0\0Select UTF-8 (obsolete) -ESC # 8 DECALN T{ -DEC screen alignment test \- fill screen with E's. -T} -ESC ( T{ -Start sequence defining G0 character set -(followed by one of B, 0, U, K, as below) -T} -ESC ( B T{ -Select default (ISO/IEC\~8859-1 mapping). -T} -ESC ( 0 T{ -Select VT100 graphics mapping. -T} -ESC ( U T{ -Select null mapping \- straight to character ROM. -T} -ESC ( K T{ -Select user mapping \- the map that is loaded by the utility \fBmapscrn\fP(8). -T} -ESC ) T{ -Start sequence defining G1 (followed by one of B, 0, U, K, as above). -T} -ESC > DECPNM Set numeric keypad mode -ESC = DECPAM Set application keypad mode -ESC ] OSC T{ -Operating System Command prefix. -T} -ESC ] R Reset palette. -ESC ] P T{ -Set palette, with parameter given in 7 hexadecimal digits \fInrrggbb\fP after -the final P. Here \fIn\fP is the color (0\[en]15), and \fIrrggbb\fP indicates -the red/green/blue values (0\[en]255). -T} -.TE -.ad -.P -.B "ECMA-48 CSI sequences" -.P -CSI (or ESC [) is followed by a sequence of parameters, -at most NPAR (16), that are decimal numbers separated by -semicolons. -An empty or absent parameter is taken to be 0. -The sequence of parameters may be preceded by a single question mark. -.P -However, after CSI [ (or ESC [ [) a single character is read -and this entire sequence is ignored. -(The idea is to ignore an echoed function key.) -.P -The action of a CSI sequence is determined by its final character. -.ad l -.TS -l l lx. -@ ICH T{ -Insert the indicated # of blank characters. -T} -A CUU T{ -Move cursor up the indicated # of rows. -T} -B CUD T{ -Move cursor down the indicated # of rows. -T} -C CUF T{ -Move cursor right the indicated # of columns. -T} -D CUB T{ -Move cursor left the indicated # of columns. -T} -E CNL T{ -Move cursor down the indicated # of rows, to column 1. -T} -F CPL T{ -Move cursor up the indicated # of rows, to column 1. -T} -G CHA T{ -Move cursor to indicated column in current row. -T} -H CUP T{ -Move cursor to the indicated row, column (origin at 1,1). -T} -J ED T{ -Erase display (default: from cursor to end of display). -T} - T{ -ESC [ 1 J: erase from start to cursor. -T} - T{ -ESC [ 2 J: erase whole display. -T} - T{ -ESC [ 3 J: erase whole display including scroll-back -buffer (since Linux 3.0). -T} -.\" ESC [ 3 J: commit f8df13e0a901fe55631fed66562369b4dba40f8b -K EL T{ -Erase line (default: from cursor to end of line). -T} - T{ -ESC [ 1 K: erase from start of line to cursor. -T} - T{ -ESC [ 2 K: erase whole line. -T} -L IL T{ -Insert the indicated # of blank lines. -T} -M DL T{ -Delete the indicated # of lines. -T} -P DCH T{ -Delete the indicated # of characters on current line. -T} -X ECH T{ -Erase the indicated # of characters on current line. -T} -a HPR T{ -Move cursor right the indicated # of columns. -T} -c DA T{ -Answer ESC [ ? 6 c: "I am a VT102". -T} -d VPA T{ -Move cursor to the indicated row, current column. -T} -e VPR T{ -Move cursor down the indicated # of rows. -T} -f HVP T{ -Move cursor to the indicated row, column. -T} -g TBC T{ -Without parameter: clear tab stop at current position. -T} - T{ -ESC [ 3 g: delete all tab stops. -T} -h SM Set Mode (see below). -l RM Reset Mode (see below). -m SGR Set attributes (see below). -n DSR Status report (see below). -q DECLL Set keyboard LEDs. - ESC [ 0 q: clear all LEDs - ESC [ 1 q: set Scroll Lock LED - ESC [ 2 q: set Num Lock LED - ESC [ 3 q: set Caps Lock LED -r DECSTBM T{ -Set scrolling region; parameters are top and bottom row. -T} -s ? Save cursor location. -u ? Restore cursor location. -\` HPA T{ -Move cursor to indicated column in current row. -T} -.TE -.ad -.P -.B ECMA-48 Select Graphic Rendition -.P -The ECMA-48 SGR sequence ESC [ \fIparameters\fP m sets display -attributes. -Several attributes can be set in the same sequence, separated by -semicolons. -An empty parameter (between semicolons or string initiator or -terminator) is interpreted as a zero. -.ad l -.TS -l lx. -param result -0 T{ -reset all attributes to their defaults -T} -1 set bold -2 T{ -set half-bright (simulated with color on a color display) -T} -3 set italic (since Linux 2.6.22; simulated with color on a color display) -4 T{ -set underscore (simulated with color on a color display) -(the colors used to simulate dim or underline are set -using ESC ] ...) -T} -5 set blink -7 set reverse video -10 T{ -reset selected mapping, display control flag, -and toggle meta flag (ECMA-48 says "primary font"). -T} -11 T{ -select null mapping, set display control flag, -reset toggle meta flag (ECMA-48 says "first alternate font"). -T} -12 T{ -select null mapping, set display control flag, -set toggle meta flag (ECMA-48 says "second alternate font"). -The toggle meta flag -causes the high bit of a byte to be toggled -before the mapping table translation is done. -T} -21 T{ -set underline; before Linux 4.17, this value -set normal intensity (as is done in many other terminals) -T} -22 set normal intensity -23 italic off (since Linux 2.6.22) -24 underline off -25 blink off -27 reverse video off -30 set black foreground -31 set red foreground -32 set green foreground -33 set brown foreground -34 set blue foreground -35 set magenta foreground -36 set cyan foreground -37 set white foreground -38 T{ -256/24-bit foreground color follows, shoehorned into 16 basic colors -(before Linux 3.16: set underscore on, set default foreground color) -T} -39 T{ -set default foreground color -(before Linux 3.16: set underscore off, set default foreground color) -T} -40 set black background -41 set red background -42 set green background -43 set brown background -44 set blue background -45 set magenta background -46 set cyan background -47 set white background -48 T{ -256/24-bit background color follows, shoehorned into 8 basic colors -T} -49 set default background color -90..97 T{ -set foreground to bright versions of 30..37 -T} -100..107 T{ -set background, same as 40..47 (bright not supported) -T} -.TE -.ad -.P -Commands 38 and 48 require further arguments: -.TS -l lx. -;5;x T{ -256 color: values 0..15 are IBGR (black, red, green, ... white), -16..231 a 6x6x6 color cube, 232..255 a grayscale ramp -T} -;2;r;g;b T{ -24-bit color, r/g/b components are in the range 0..255 -T} -.TE -.P -.B ECMA-48 Mode Switches -.TP -ESC [ 3 h -DECCRM (default off): Display control chars. -.TP -ESC [ 4 h -DECIM (default off): Set insert mode. -.TP -ESC [ 20 h -LF/NL (default off): Automatically follow echo of LF, VT, or FF with CR. -.\" -.P -.B ECMA-48 Status Report Commands -.\" -.TP -ESC [ 5 n -Device status report (DSR): Answer is ESC [ 0 n (Terminal OK). -.TP -ESC [ 6 n -Cursor position report (CPR): Answer is ESC [ \fIy\fP ; \fIx\fP R, -where \fIx,y\fP is the cursor location. -.\" -.P -.B DEC Private Mode (DECSET/DECRST) sequences -.P -.\" -These are not described in ECMA-48. -We list the Set Mode sequences; -the Reset Mode sequences are obtained by replacing the final \[aq]h\[aq] -by \[aq]l\[aq]. -.TP -ESC [ ? 1 h -DECCKM (default off): When set, the cursor keys send an ESC O prefix, -rather than ESC [. -.TP -ESC [ ? 3 h -DECCOLM (default off = 80 columns): 80/132 col mode switch. -The driver sources note that this alone does not suffice; some user-mode -utility such as -.BR resizecons (8) -has to change the hardware registers on the console video card. -.TP -ESC [ ? 5 h -DECSCNM (default off): Set reverse-video mode. -.TP -ESC [ ? 6 h -DECOM (default off): When set, cursor addressing is relative to -the upper left corner of the scrolling region. -.TP -ESC [ ? 7 h -DECAWM (default on): Set autowrap on. -In this mode, a graphic -character emitted after column 80 (or column 132 of DECCOLM is on) -forces a wrap to the beginning of the following line first. -.TP -ESC [ ? 8 h -DECARM (default on): Set keyboard autorepeat on. -.TP -ESC [ ? 9 h -X10 Mouse Reporting (default off): Set reporting mode to 1 (or reset to -0)\[em]see below. -.TP -ESC [ ? 25 h -DECTECM (default on): Make cursor visible. -.TP -ESC [ ? 1000 h -X11 Mouse Reporting (default off): Set reporting mode to 2 (or reset -to 0)\[em]see below. -.\" -.P -.B Linux Console Private CSI Sequences -.P -.\" -The following sequences are neither ECMA-48 nor native VT102. -They are native to the Linux console driver. -Colors are in SGR parameters: -0 = black, 1 = red, 2 = green, 3 = brown, 4 = blue, 5 = magenta, 6 = -cyan, 7 = white; 8\[en]15 = bright versions of 0\[en]7. -.TS -l lx. -ESC [ 1 ; \fIn\fP ] T{ -Set color \fIn\fP as the underline color. -T} -ESC [ 2 ; \fIn\fP ] T{ -Set color \fIn\fP as the dim color. -T} -ESC [ 8 ] T{ -Make the current color pair the default attributes. -T} -ESC [ 9 ; \fIn\fP ] T{ -Set screen blank timeout to \fIn\fP minutes. -T} -ESC [ 10 ; \fIn\fP ] T{ -Set bell frequency in Hz. -T} -ESC [ 11 ; \fIn\fP ] T{ -Set bell duration in msec. -T} -ESC [ 12 ; \fIn\fP ] T{ -Bring specified console to the front. -T} -ESC [ 13 ] T{ -Unblank the screen. -T} -ESC [ 14 ; \fIn\fP ] T{ -Set the VESA powerdown interval in minutes. -T} -ESC [ 15 ] T{ -Bring the previous console to the front -(since Linux 2.6.0). -T} -ESC [ 16 ; \fIn\fP ] T{ -Set the cursor blink interval in milliseconds -(since Linux 4.2). -T} -.\" commit bd63364caa8df38bad2b25b11b2a1b849475cce5 -.TE -.SS Character sets -The kernel knows about 4 translations of bytes into console-screen -symbols. -The four tables are: a) Latin1 \-> PC, -b) VT100 graphics \-> PC, c) PC \-> PC, d) user-defined. -.P -There are two character sets, called G0 and G1, and one of them -is the current character set. -(Initially G0.) -Typing \fB\[ha]N\fP causes G1 to become current, -\fB\[ha]O\fP causes G0 to become current. -.P -These variables G0 and G1 point at a translation table, and can be -changed by the user. -Initially they point at tables a) and b), respectively. -The sequences ESC ( B and ESC ( 0 and ESC ( U and ESC ( K cause G0 to -point at translation table a), b), c), and d), respectively. -The sequences ESC ) B and ESC ) 0 and ESC ) U and ESC ) K cause G1 to -point at translation table a), b), c), and d), respectively. -.P -The sequence ESC c causes a terminal reset, which is what you want if the -screen is all garbled. -The oft-advised "echo \[ha]V\[ha]O" will make only G0 current, -but there is no guarantee that G0 points at table a). -In some distributions there is a program -.BR reset (1) -that just does "echo \[ha][c". -If your terminfo entry for the console is correct -(and has an entry rs1=\eEc), then "tput reset" will also work. -.P -The user-defined mapping table can be set using -.BR mapscrn (8). -The result of the mapping is that if a symbol c is printed, the symbol -s = map[c] is sent to the video memory. -The bitmap that corresponds to -s is found in the character ROM, and can be changed using -.BR setfont (8). -.SS Mouse tracking -The mouse tracking facility is intended to return -.BR xterm (1)-compatible -mouse status reports. -Because the console driver has no way to know -the device or type of the mouse, these reports are returned in the -console input stream only when the virtual terminal driver receives -a mouse update ioctl. -These ioctls must be generated by a mouse-aware -user-mode application such as the -.BR gpm (8) -daemon. -.P -The mouse tracking escape sequences generated by -\fBxterm\fP(1) encode numeric parameters in a single character as -\fIvalue\fP+040. -For example, \[aq]!\[aq] is 1. -The screen coordinate system is 1-based. -.P -The X10 compatibility mode sends an escape sequence on button press -encoding the location and the mouse button pressed. -It is enabled by sending ESC [ ? 9 h and disabled with ESC [ ? 9 l. -On button press, \fBxterm\fP(1) sends -ESC [ M \fIbxy\fP (6 characters). -Here \fIb\fP is button\-1, -and \fIx\fP and \fIy\fP are the x and y coordinates of the mouse -when the button was pressed. -This is the same code the kernel also produces. -.P -Normal tracking mode (not implemented in Linux 2.0.24) sends an escape -sequence on both button press and release. -Modifier information is also sent. -It is enabled by sending ESC [ ? 1000 h and disabled with -ESC [ ? 1000 l. -On button press or release, \fBxterm\fP(1) sends ESC [ M -\fIbxy\fP. -The low two bits of \fIb\fP encode button information: -0=MB1 pressed, 1=MB2 pressed, 2=MB3 pressed, 3=release. -The upper bits encode what modifiers were down when the button was -pressed and are added together: 4=Shift, 8=Meta, 16=Control. -Again \fIx\fP and -\fIy\fP are the x and y coordinates of the mouse event. -The upper left corner is (1,1). -.SS Comparisons with other terminals -Many different terminal types are described, like the Linux console, -as being "VT100-compatible". -Here we discuss differences between the -Linux console and the two most important others, the DEC VT102 and -.BR xterm (1). -.\" -.P -.B Control-character handling -.P -The VT102 also recognized the following control characters: -.TP -NUL (0x00) -was ignored; -.TP -ENQ (0x05) -triggered an answerback message; -.TP -DC1 (0x11, \fB\[ha]Q\fP, XON) -resumed transmission; -.TP -DC3 (0x13, \fB\[ha]S\fP, XOFF) -caused VT100 to ignore (and stop transmitting) -all codes except XOFF and XON. -.P -VT100-like DC1/DC3 processing may be enabled by the terminal driver. -.P -The -.BR xterm (1) -program (in VT100 mode) recognizes the control characters -BEL, BS, HT, LF, VT, FF, CR, SO, SI, ESC. -.\" -.P -.B Escape sequences -.P -VT100 console sequences not implemented on the Linux console: -.TS -l l l. -ESC N SS2 T{ -Single shift 2. (Select G2 character set for the next character only.) -T} -ESC O SS3 T{ -Single shift 3. (Select G3 character set for the next character only.) -T} -ESC P DCS T{ -Device control string (ended by ESC \e) -T} -ESC X SOS Start of string. -ESC \[ha] PM Privacy message (ended by ESC \e) -ESC \e ST String terminator -ESC * ... Designate G2 character set -ESC + ... Designate G3 character set -.TE -.P -The program -.BR xterm (1) -(in VT100 mode) recognizes ESC c, ESC # 8, ESC >, ESC =, -ESC D, ESC E, ESC H, ESC M, ESC N, ESC O, ESC P ... ESC \e, -ESC Z (it answers ESC [ ? 1 ; 2 c, "I am a VT100 with -advanced video option") -and ESC \[ha] ... ESC \e with the same meanings as indicated above. -It accepts ESC (, ESC ), ESC *, ESC + followed by 0, A, B for -the DEC special character and line drawing set, UK, and US-ASCII, -respectively. -.P -The user can configure \fBxterm\fP(1) to respond to VT220-specific -control sequences, and it will identify itself as a VT52, VT100, and -up depending on the way it is configured and initialized. -.P -It accepts ESC ] (OSC) for the setting of certain resources. -In addition to the ECMA-48 string terminator (ST), -\fBxterm\fP(1) accepts a BEL to terminate an OSC string. -These are a few of the OSC control sequences recognized by \fBxterm\fP(1): -.TS -l l. -ESC ] 0 ; \fItxt\fP ST T{ -Set icon name and window title to \fItxt\fP. -T} -ESC ] 1 ; \fItxt\fP ST Set icon name to \fItxt\fP. -ESC ] 2 ; \fItxt\fP ST Set window title to \fItxt\fP. -ESC ] 4 ; \fInum\fP; \fItxt\fP ST Set ANSI color \fInum\fP to \fItxt\fP. -ESC ] 10 ; \fItxt\fP ST Set dynamic text color to \fItxt\fP. -ESC ] 4 6 ; \fIname\fP ST T{ -Change log file to \fIname\fP (normally disabled by a compile-time option). -T} -ESC ] 5 0 ; \fIfn\fP ST Set font to \fIfn\fP. -.TE -.P -It recognizes the following with slightly modified meaning -(saving more state, behaving closer to VT100/VT220): -.TS -l l l. -ESC 7 DECSC Save cursor -ESC 8 DECRC Restore cursor -.TE -.P -It also recognizes -.TS -l l lx. -ESC F T{ -Cursor to lower left corner of screen (if enabled -by \fBxterm\fP(1)'s \fBhpLowerleftBugCompat\fP resource). -T} -ESC l Memory lock (per HP terminals). - Locks memory above the cursor. -ESC m Memory unlock (per HP terminals). -ESC n LS2 Invoke the G2 character set. -ESC o LS3 Invoke the G3 character set. -ESC | LS3R Invoke the G3 character set as GR. -ESC } LS2R Invoke the G2 character set as GR. -ESC \[ti] LS1R Invoke the G1 character set as GR. -.TE -.P -It also recognizes ESC % and provides a more complete UTF-8 -implementation than Linux console. -.\" -.P -.B CSI Sequences -.P -Old versions of \fBxterm\fP(1), for example, from X11R5, -interpret the blink SGR as a bold SGR. -Later versions which implemented ANSI colors, for example, -XFree86 3.1.2A in 1995, improved this by allowing -the blink attribute to be displayed as a color. -Modern versions of xterm implement blink SGR as blinking text -and still allow colored text as an alternate rendering of SGRs. -Stock X11R6 versions did not recognize the color-setting SGRs until -the X11R6.8 release, which incorporated XFree86 xterm. -All ECMA-48 CSI sequences recognized by Linux are also recognized by -.IR xterm , -however \fBxterm\fP(1) implements several ECMA-48 and DEC control sequences -not recognized by Linux. -.P -The \fBxterm\fP(1) -program recognizes all of the DEC Private Mode sequences listed -above, but none of the Linux private-mode sequences. -For discussion of \fBxterm\fP(1)'s -own private-mode sequences, refer to the -\fIXterm Control Sequences\fP -document by -Edward Moy, -Stephen Gildea, -and Thomas E.\& Dickey -available with the X distribution. -That document, though terse, is much longer than this manual page. -For a chronological overview, -.P -.RS -.UR http://invisible\-island.net\:/xterm\:/xterm.log.html -.UE -.RE -.P -details changes to xterm. -.P -The \fIvttest\fP program -.P -.RS -.UR http://invisible\-island.net\:/vttest/ -.UE -.RE -.P -demonstrates many of these control sequences. -The \fBxterm\fP(1) source distribution also contains sample -scripts which exercise other features. -.SH NOTES -ESC 8 (DECRC) is not able to restore the character set changed with -ESC %. -.SH BUGS -In Linux 2.0.23, CSI is broken, and NUL is not ignored inside -escape sequences. -.P -Some older kernel versions (after Linux 2.0) interpret 8-bit control -sequences. -These "C1 controls" use codes between 128 and 159 to replace -ESC [, ESC ] and similar two-byte control sequence initiators. -There are fragments of that in modern kernels (either overlooked or -broken by changes to support UTF-8), -but the implementation is incomplete and should be regarded -as unreliable. -.P -Linux "private mode" sequences do not follow the rules in ECMA-48 -for private mode control sequences. -In particular, those ending with ] do not use a standard terminating -character. -The OSC (set palette) sequence is a greater problem, -since \fBxterm\fP(1) may interpret this as a control sequence -which requires a string terminator (ST). -Unlike the \fBsetterm\fP(1) sequences which will be ignored (since -they are invalid control sequences), the palette sequence will make -\fBxterm\fP(1) appear to hang (though pressing the return-key -will fix that). -To accommodate applications which have been hardcoded to use Linux -control sequences, -set the \fBxterm\fP(1) resource \fBbrokenLinuxOSC\fP to true. -.P -An older version of this document implied that Linux recognizes the -ECMA-48 control sequence for invisible text. -It is ignored. -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR ioctl_console (2), -.BR charsets (7) |