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-.\" Copyright (C) 1996 Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
-.\"
-.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft
-.\"
-.TH msync 2 (date) "Linux man-pages (unreleased)"
-.SH NAME
-msync \- synchronize a file with a memory map
-.SH LIBRARY
-Standard C library
-.RI ( libc ", " \-lc )
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.B #include <sys/mman.h>
-.P
-.BI "int msync(void " addr [. length "], size_t " length ", int " flags );
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.BR msync ()
-flushes changes made to the in-core copy of a file that was mapped
-into memory using
-.BR mmap (2)
-back to the filesystem.
-Without use of this call,
-there is no guarantee that changes are written back before
-.BR munmap (2)
-is called.
-To be more precise, the part of the file that
-corresponds to the memory area starting at
-.I addr
-and having length
-.I length
-is updated.
-.P
-The
-.I flags
-argument should specify exactly one of
-.B MS_ASYNC
-and
-.BR MS_SYNC ,
-and may additionally include the
-.B MS_INVALIDATE
-bit.
-These bits have the following meanings:
-.TP
-.B MS_ASYNC
-Specifies that an update be scheduled, but the call returns immediately.
-.TP
-.B MS_SYNC
-Requests an update and waits for it to complete.
-.TP
-.B MS_INVALIDATE
-.\" Since Linux 2.4, this seems to be a no-op (other than the
-.\" EBUSY check for VM_LOCKED).
-Asks to invalidate other mappings of the same file
-(so that they can be updated with the fresh values just written).
-.SH RETURN VALUE
-On success, zero is returned.
-On error, \-1 is returned, and
-.I errno
-is set to indicate the error.
-.SH ERRORS
-.TP
-.B EBUSY
-.B MS_INVALIDATE
-was specified in
-.IR flags ,
-and a memory lock exists for the specified address range.
-.TP
-.B EINVAL
-.I addr
-is not a multiple of PAGESIZE; or any bit other than
-.BR MS_ASYNC " | " MS_INVALIDATE " | " MS_SYNC
-is set in
-.IR flags ;
-or both
-.B MS_SYNC
-and
-.B MS_ASYNC
-are set in
-.IR flags .
-.TP
-.B ENOMEM
-The indicated memory (or part of it) was not mapped.
-.SH VERSIONS
-According to POSIX, either
-.B MS_SYNC
-or
-.B MS_ASYNC
-must be specified in
-.IR flags ,
-and indeed failure to include one of these flags will cause
-.BR msync ()
-to fail on some systems.
-However, Linux permits a call to
-.BR msync ()
-that specifies neither of these flags,
-with semantics that are (currently) equivalent to specifying
-.BR MS_ASYNC .
-(Since Linux 2.6.19,
-.\" commit 204ec841fbea3e5138168edbc3a76d46747cc987
-.B MS_ASYNC
-is in fact a no-op, since the kernel properly tracks dirty
-pages and flushes them to storage as necessary.)
-Notwithstanding the Linux behavior,
-portable, future-proof applications should ensure that they specify either
-.B MS_SYNC
-or
-.B MS_ASYNC
-in
-.IR flags .
-.SH STANDARDS
-POSIX.1-2008.
-.SH HISTORY
-POSIX.1-2001.
-.P
-This call was introduced in Linux 1.3.21, and then used
-.B EFAULT
-instead of
-.BR ENOMEM .
-In Linux 2.4.19, this was changed to the POSIX value
-.BR ENOMEM .
-.P
-On POSIX systems on which
-.BR msync ()
-is available, both
-.B _POSIX_MAPPED_FILES
-and
-.B _POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO
-are defined in
-.I <unistd.h>
-to a value greater than 0.
-(See also
-.BR sysconf (3).)
-.\" POSIX.1-2001: It shall be defined to -1 or 0 or 200112L.
-.\" -1: unavailable, 0: ask using sysconf().
-.\" glibc defines them to 1.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR mmap (2)
-.P
-B.O. Gallmeister, POSIX.4, O'Reilly, pp. 128\[en]129 and 389\[en]391.