statx.2, open.2: document STATX_DIOALIGN

Document the STATX_DIOALIGN support for statx()
(https://git.kernel.org/linus/725737e7c21d2d25).

Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
[ steve: wfix ]
Cc: Steve Izma <sizma@golden.net>
[ alx: srcfix ]
Signed-off-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org>

2 files changed, 72 insertions, 11 deletions

diff --git a/man2/open.2 b/man2/open.2
index 57beb324a..6f08a305e 100644
--- a/man2/open.2
+++ b/man2/open.2
@@ -1732,21 +1732,51 @@ of user-space buffers and the file offset of I/Os.
 In Linux alignment
 restrictions vary by filesystem and kernel version and might be
 absent entirely.
-However there is currently no filesystem\-independent
-interface for an application to discover these restrictions for a given
-file or filesystem.
-Some filesystems provide their own interfaces
-for doing so, for example the
+The handling of misaligned
+.B O_DIRECT
+I/Os also varies;
+they can either fail with
+.B EINVAL
+or fall back to buffered I/O.
+.PP
+Since Linux 6.1,
+.B O_DIRECT
+support and alignment restrictions for a file can be queried using
+.BR statx (2),
+using the
+.B STATX_DIOALIGN
+flag.
+Support for
+.B STATX_DIOALIGN
+varies by filesystem;
+see
+.BR statx (2).
+.PP
+Some filesystems provide their own interfaces for querying
+.B O_DIRECT
+alignment restrictions,
+for example the
 .B XFS_IOC_DIOINFO
 operation in
 .BR xfsctl (3).
+.B STATX_DIOALIGN
+should be used instead when it is available.
 .PP
-Under Linux 2.4, transfer sizes, the alignment of the user buffer,
-and the file offset must all be multiples of the logical block size
-of the filesystem.
-Since Linux 2.6.0, alignment to the logical block size of the
-underlying storage (typically 512 bytes) suffices.
-The logical block size can be determined using the
+If none of the above is available,
+then direct I/O support and alignment restrictions
+can only be assumed from known characteristics of the filesystem,
+the individual file,
+the underlying storage device(s),
+and the kernel version.
+In Linux 2.4,
+most filesystems based on block devices require that
+the file offset and the length and memory address of all I/O segments
+be multiples of the filesystem block size
+(typically 4096 bytes).
+In Linux 2.6.0,
+this was relaxed to the logical block size of the block device
+(typically 512 bytes).
+A block device's logical block size can be determined using the
 .BR ioctl (2)
 .B BLKSSZGET
 operation or from the shell using the command:
diff --git a/man2/statx.2 b/man2/statx.2
index 2a85be7c0..1cf633699 100644
--- a/man2/statx.2
+++ b/man2/statx.2
@@ -61,7 +61,12 @@ struct statx {
        containing the filesystem where the file resides */
     __u32 stx_dev_major;   /* Major ID */
     __u32 stx_dev_minor;   /* Minor ID */
+
     __u64 stx_mnt_id;      /* Mount ID */
+
+    /* Direct I/O alignment restrictions */
+    __u32 stx_dio_mem_align;
+    __u32 stx_dio_offset_align;
 };
 .EE
 .in
@@ -247,6 +252,8 @@ STATX_BTIME	Want stx_btime
 STATX_ALL	The same as STATX_BASIC_STATS | STATX_BTIME.
 	It is deprecated and should not be used.
 STATX_MNT_ID	Want stx_mnt_id (since Linux 5.8)
+STATX_DIOALIGN	Want stx_dio_mem_align and stx_dio_offset_align
+	(since Linux 6.1; support varies by filesystem)
 .TE
 .in
 .PP
@@ -407,6 +414,30 @@ This is the same number reported by
 .BR name_to_handle_at (2)
 and corresponds to the number in the first field in one of the records in
 .IR /proc/self/mountinfo .
+.TP
+.I stx_dio_mem_align
+The alignment (in bytes) required for user memory buffers for direct I/O
+.RB ( O_DIRECT )
+on this file,
+or 0 if direct I/O is not supported on this file.
+.IP
+.B STATX_DIOALIGN
+.RI ( stx_dio_mem_align
+and
+.IR stx_dio_offset_align )
+is supported on block devices since Linux 6.1.
+The support on regular files varies by filesystem;
+it is supported by ext4, f2fs, and xfs since Linux 6.1.
+.TP
+.I stx_dio_offset_align
+The alignment (in bytes) required for file offsets and I/O segment lengths
+for direct I/O
+.RB ( O_DIRECT )
+on this file,
+or 0 if direct I/O is not supported on this file.
+This will only be nonzero if
+.I stx_dio_mem_align
+is nonzero, and vice versa.
 .PP
 For further information on the above fields, see
 .BR inode (7).